A: There are two types of microscopes used to study a cell. A light microscope and the different variations of the electron microscope are two kinds of microscopes used to view cells.
Q: How small is the average cell?
A: The majority of cells found in living organisms are microscopic. There are very few cells that can be seen individually without a microscope.
Q: What's the difference between a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell?
A: The difference between a prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell is for one a prokaryotic cell is much smaller. Also prokaryotic cells lack organelles which makes them much less complex. Eukaryotic cells are what make up the majority of organisms whereas prokaryotic cells are generally things like bacteria and what not.
Five Main Facts:
1) Biological membranes are composed of a phospholipid bilayer that has proteins in it as well as attached to it.
2) The nucleus of a cell is surrounded by a porous membrane that acts as a barrier. Within this barrier is the DNA of a cell which is necessary for the reproduction of a cell.
3) Vacuoles are found in plant cells and are used to store food and water as well as to help create food.
4) The cytoskeleton is a structural suport made of protein fibers. This reinforces the cell and gives it rigidity.
5) Plant cells have a cell wall unlike animal cells. This allows for them to have a rigid layer hence allowing them to grow in the fashion they do. Trees could not be made by an animal cell due to the lack of a cell wall.
This picture shows what a cell consists of. As you can see by the labels a cell has many different organelles, some with very similar functions.
Chapter 4 walked the reader through a cell. It started out by stating how a cell can be viewed and studied. From there it went on to talk about the two different types of cells and what difference/similarities they had with each other. A cell has many different organelles all with their functions. Some of the mentioned organelles were the nucleus, ribosomes, ER, golgi apparatus, lysosome, vacuole and peroxisomes.
Key Terms:
1) Organelles: little organs that perform specific functions for a cell
2) Chromatin: a complex of proteins and DNA
3) Nuclear envelope: a double membrane perforated with protein-lined pores and controls the flow of materials in and out of the nucleus
4) Lysosome: houses digestive enzymes enclosed in a membranous sac
5) Vacuoles: membranous sacs that have a variety of functions
6) Chloroplasts: organelles that photosynthesize and create food for plant cells
7) Cytoskeleton: network of protein fibers that give structure of a cell
8) Integrins: span the membrane and attach the other side to proteins connected to microfilaments of the cytoskeleton
9) Cell wall: distinguishes plant cells from animal cells as well as gives the plant cell more rigidity
10) Flagella: projection that helps propels a prokaryotic cell through a liquid
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QGAm6hMysTA
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