A: This is a process of taking two plants with different traits and crossing the pollen of the two plants with one another.
Q: What is Mendel's law of segregation?
A: When sperm and egg unite at fertilization, each contributes its allele, restoring the paired condition in the offspring.
Q: What do homologous chromosomes do?
A: Homologous chromosomes bear the alleles for each characteristic of the new organism.
Five Main Facts:
1)Genetics use the testcross to determine unknown genotypes.
2) The law of independent assortment is revealed by tracking two characters at once.
3) Mendel's law reflect the rules of probability.
4) Genetic traits in humans can be tracked through family pedigrees.
5) Many genes have more than two alleles in the population.
This is a Mendel chart. This shows the possible phenotypes of the offspring due to the genotype of the parent plants.
Chapter nine focused on genetics. This includes genotype and phenotypes. Mendel studied genetics thoroughly and formulated many useful concepts of genetics. Human genetics follow Mendel's laws.
Key Terms:
1) Rule of addition: probability that an event can occur in two or more alternative ways is the sum of the separate probabilities of the different ways
2) Pedigree: family tree
3) Carriers: possession of the recessive allele for the disorder but are phenotypically normal
4) Inbreeding: mating of close relatives
5) Amniocentesis: procedure performed between weeks 14 and 20 of pregnancy for fetal testing
6) Complete dominance: dominant allele had the same phenotypic effect whether present in one or two copies
7) Pleiotrophy: influence of multiple characters
8) Polygenic inheritance: additive effects of two or more genes on a single phenotypic character
9) Sex-linked gene: a gene located on either sex chromosome
10) Hemophilia: a sex-linked gene recessive trait that results in excessive bleeding
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X9Qrm6o4tNQ
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