A: He felt that evolution was by means of descent with modification.
Q: What is natural selection?
A: A natural process that results from evolution for those best suited for their environment.
Q: What is homology?
A: Homology is the similarities in different species due to evolution from a common ancestor.
Five main facts:
1) Darwin theorized evolution.
2) Scientists are able to observe natural selection while it is in action.
3) Fossils provide strong evidence for evolution.
4) Homologies indicate patterns of descent that can be shown on an evolutionary tree.
5) Sexual selection can lead to phenotypic differences between males and females.
This diagram shows a stabilizing selection. This favors intermediate phenotypes.
This chapter talks about evolution and how it came about. Darwin is the father of evolution and he came about this theory when he traveled to the Galapagos Islands. Adaptations of species allows for them to be better suited for their environment. Natural selection plays a major role in evolution. Populations are said to evolve and Hardy-Weinberg showed this through his theory of equilibrium.
Key Terms:
1) Artificial selection: modified species by selecting and breeding individuals to possess desired traits
2) Natural selection: natural process that results from evolution for those best suited for their environment
3) Extinction: when a species no longer exists
4) Paleontologists: scientists who study fossils
5) Fossil record: sequence in which fossils appear within layers of sedimentary rock
6) Strata: layers of rock
7) Homology: similarity in characteristics that results from common ancestory
8) Vestigial organs: structures that are of marginal or perhaps no importance to an organism
9) Evolutionary tree: patterns of descent in evoltuion
10) Mutation: change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vss1VKN2rf8
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